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- Economy
-
- Overview: Argentina is rich in natural resources, and has
- a highly literate population, an export-oriented agricultural
- sector, and a diversified industrial base. Nevertheless,
- the economy has encountered major problems in recent years,
- leading to a recession in 1988-89. Economic growth slowed
- to 2.0% in 1987 and to -1.8% in 1988; a sharp decline of
- -5.5% has been estimated for 1989. A widening public-sector
- deficit and a multidigit inflation rate has dominated the
- economy over the past three years, reaching about 5,000%
- in 1989. Since 1978, Argentina's external debt has nearly
- doubled to $60 billion, creating severe debt-servicing difficulties
- and hurting the country's creditworthiness with international
- lenders.
-
- GNP: $72.0 billion, per capita $2,217; real growth rate -5.5%
- (1989 est.).
-
- Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4,925% (1989).
-
- Unemployment rate: 8.5% (1989 est.).
-
- Budget: revenues $11.5 billion; expenditures $13.0 billion,
- including capital expenditures of $0.93 billion (1988).
-
- Exports: $9.6 billion (f.o.b., 1989); commodities--meat,
- wheat, corn, oilseed, hides, wool; partners--US 14%, USSR,
- Italy, Brazil, Japan, Netherlands.
-
- Imports: $4.3 billion (c.i.f., 1989); commodities--machinery
- and equipment, chemicals, metals, fuels and lubricants,
- agricultural products; partners--US 25%, Brazil, FRG, Bolivia,
- Japan, Italy, Netherlands.
-
- External debt: $60 billion (December 1989).
-
- Industrial production: growth rate - 8% (1989).
-
- Electricity: 16,449,000 kW capacity; 46,590 million kWh
- produced, 1,460 kWh per capita (1989).
-
- Industries: food processing (especially meat packing), motor
- vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals,
- printing, metallurgy, steel.
-
- Agriculture: accounts for 15% of GNP (including fishing);
- produces abundant food for both domestic consumption and
- exports; among world's top five exporters of grain and beef;
- principal crops--wheat, corn, sorghum, soybeans, sugar beets;
- 1987 fish catch estimated at 500,000 tons.
-
- Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $1.0 billion;
- Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
- (1970-87), $3.6 billion; Communist countries (1970-88),
- $718 million.
-
- Currency: austral (plural--australes); 1 austral (A) = 100 centavos.
-
- Exchange rates: australes (A) per US$1--1,930 (December 1989),
- 8.7526 (1988), 2.1443 (1987), 0.9430 (1986), 0.6018 (1985).
-
- Fiscal year: calendar year.
-